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Q1 business case·BCDF Stage 3 — Detailed Business Case·Gateway Gate 2 → 3·Live status

Detailed Business Case: the five-case evidence to invest.

BCDF Stage 3 develops the reference project through the Five Case Model — strategic, economic, commercial, financial and management — the backbone of Better Business Cases and Queensland Treasury's framework. This is a live register: each line moves to green as terms execute, and the investment decision (Gateway Gate 3) opens only when every condition precedent is met.

Reference project what is being decided

A ~2 MW, ~2,850-GPU behind-the-meter pilot at CleanCo's Swanbank Energy Precinct — closed-loop liquid cooled to the Cooling Water Dam, firmed battery-first — staged through 20 MW and 100 MW phases toward the 800 MW program on the same 1.2 GW connection. Stage-1 commitment ~A$116M (all-equity worst case).

1 · StrategicWhy it must happen — sovereign need & fit.
2 · EconomicBest option for the economy — CBA, BCR.
3 · CommercialDeliverable deal — procurement & risk transfer.
4 · FinancialAffordable & fundable — P&L, funding, returns.
5 · ManagementAchievable — delivery, governance, benefits.

1 · Strategic case developed in the SBC

Regulated Australian workloads run on foreign-owned compute under widening legal exposure (CLOUD Act, FISA 702, EO 12333), while QGOV inference demand scales ~A$15M/yr → ~A$1.17B/yr (2033–35) with no sovereign supply. Q1 is the firmed, in-region substrate that closes the gap. Full articulation in the Strategic Business Case.

Critical success factors: firmed power + grid headroom + heat sink under one cooperative owner; AU ownership with no foreign legal nexus; contracted offtake; uptime; auditable renewable path.

2 · Economic case options + cost-benefit analysis

Options analysis (siting / cooling / power / staging) selected the Swanbank reference project — detail in the Preliminary Business Case. The cost-benefit analysis below appraises that option's economic (whole-of-economy) value, distinct from the firm's financial return in §4. Real discount rates per Queensland CBA convention (7% central; 4% / 10% sensitivity).

Economic flow (illustrative, 10-yr, A$m PV)Type@7%@4%@10%
Public-sector cost-to-serve avoided (sovereign vs offshore premium)Monetised benefit~210~250~180
Import substitution / producer surplus (compute spend retained onshore)Monetised benefit~120~145~100
Regional economic activity (Ipswich construction + operations GVA)Monetised benefit~70~80~60
Economic costs (capital + operating, resource cost)Cost~(250)~(265)~(235)
Net present value (monetised) · indicative BCRNet~150 · 1.6×~210 · 1.8×~105 · 1.4×

Unmonetised but material (not in the BCR, decisive on their own): sovereign capability; elimination of CLOUD Act / FISA 702 data-egress exposure; SOCI / APRA / AUKUS Pillar 2 compliance enablement; strategic optionality on the 800 MW envelope; zero potable water per token. Consistent with BCDF guidance, the strategic case is the primary justification; the CBA confirms positive economic value alongside it. Figures are directional, pre-final-terms.

3 · Commercial case procurement, agreements, risk transfer

Procurement strategy: direct-negotiated site & grid agreements with CleanCo / Powerlink (single cooperative landlord); competitive GPU supply RFQ mirroring the SpaceX-agreement teeth — hard delivery deadline, capacity-ramp pricing, pro-rata shortfall relief; offtake as term tenancies over firmed-MW blocks.

AgreementCounterpartyRisk transferredStatus
Land lease (99 ha)CleanCoTenureIn negotiation
Behind-the-meter firmingCleanCoEnergy priceIn negotiation
Dam access + PFAS scopeCleanCoCooling + environmentalIn negotiation
Connection & Access (N-1, ~$2.5M/yr)PowerlinkGrid availabilityIn negotiation
GPU supplyVendor(s)Delivery + priceRFQ
Anchor tenancy — QWork Tenancy 01QGOV via QWorkRevenue volumeChannel live · in negotiation

4 · Financial case affordability, funding, returns

~$50Mstabilised revenue / yr
~$41MEBITDA (~83% margin)
~2.4 yrsimple payback
~27%pre-tax IRR (illustrative)

5-year P&L (illustrative, A$m, with utilisation ramp):

A$mY1Y2Y3Y4Y5
Utilisation60%80%85%85%85%
Revenue3547505050
EBITDA2738414141
EBIT (after D&A)617202030
Unlevered FCF (post-tax)2533353531
DSCR (on ~$61M vendor finance)1.4×2.0×2.2×2.2×

Sources & uses (~A$116M):

Equity — first close
~$55M
GPU vendor finance / leasing
~$61M
— Uses: GPU compute / network / storage
~$80M
— Uses: power + cooling fit-out
~$18M
— Uses: connection + WC + team
~$8M
— Uses: contingency
~$11M

Returns & sensitivity (illustrative, pre-final-terms):

MetricBase ($2.35/hr · 85%)Stress ($1.80/hr · 65%)
NPV — pre-tax, unlevered (10% real, 5-yr + asset terminal)~$50M~$12M
NPV — post-tax, unlevered (10% real)~$30M~$4M
NPV — post-tax, unlevered (7% real)~$42M~$9M
IRR — pre-tax, unlevered~27%~13%
IRR — post-tax, unlevered~20%~8%
Simple payback (EBITDA)~2.4 yr~4.8 yr
VerdictStrongly positiveEBITDA-positive

~69% of capital is GPUs — a liquid, resaleable asset (market +40% in six months) — the downside backstop. Every cell is editable in the financial model; figures here are illustrative and pre-final-terms. The model’s Assumptions and P&L tabs are pre-tax and pre-financing (per its README), so the NPV, IRR and DSCR rows above are illustrative tax/financing overlays, not cells in the spreadsheet. Terminal value counts GPU resale only; going-concern value is excluded (conservative).

5 · Management case delivery, governance, benefits

Delivery model: owner's team + specialist EPC for the electrical/cooling fit-out; staged commissioning. Governance: board with investor-director seats; an investment committee approving each staircase FID; a project control group with monthly reporting; AU-resident shareholder register evidenced.

WaveDeliverableGateway
1 — termsLease + firming + dam + PFAS scope; Powerlink CAA executed→ Gate 3
2 — energisePilot built & energised (~2 MW); switch cutover; dashboard lab→productionGate 4
3 — fillCapacity sold against the demand stack; Customer #2 in productionGate 5
4 — scalePhase-1 (~20 MW) FID on proven utilisationnew cycle

Benefits realisation plan — measured KPIs: utilisation ≥85%; uptime ≥99.9%; tenancies signed (target ≥2 incl. Customer #2 within 12 months); contracted ARR; sovereign workloads migrated; renewable-provenance %. Reviewed at each Gateway gate.

Quantified risk register inherent → residual

#RiskInherent (L×C)TreatmentResidualOwner
R1Offtake not yet contractedHigh 20Anchor tenancy as Gate-3 CP; tenancy structure over firmed-MW blocksMed 8Commercial
R2Site terms TBCHigh 12Wave-1 register; all executed pre-FIDLow 4Commercial
R3GPU price & supplyHigh 16Supply agreement w/ delivery teeth; vendor finance on resaleable assetMed 6Procurement
R4PFAS contaminationMed 8Closed-loop contains by construction; signed scope w/ CleanCoLow 3Environmental
R5Utilisation rampMed 12Staircase — Phase-1 capital not committed until utilisation provesMed 6Equity
R6Financing / equity closeMed 12FID gated on committed funds (CP 7); GPU finance shrinks chequeLow 4Sponsor
R7Technology refreshMed 94–5 yr depreciation; resale backstop; tight per-tranche generationLow 6Equity
R8Energy priceMed 8Firmed BTM $/MWh contractedLow 2CleanCo
R9Single-site concentrationMed 10N-1 connection; program-scale redundancy at Phase-1Low 4Operations

Residual heat-map (likelihood × consequence; managed position):

Consequence→5R1
4
3R4R3·R5R7
2R8R2·R6·R9
1
12345
Likelihood →

Assumptions & evidence register what the case stands on

AssumptionValueSourceConfidence
GPU contract price~$2.35/GPU-hr2026 H100-class 1-yr benchmarks (+40% Oct’25→Mar’26)Medium
Wholesale electricity~$65/MWhAEMO QED Q1 2026 (QLD avg); BTM PPA targets belowHigh
Firm generation on site385 MW + 500 MWh batteryCleanCo published; battery operational Feb 2026High
Grid connection envelopeup to 1.2 GW; 275 kV substationCleanCo / precinct; substation commissionedHigh
QGOV demand trajectory~$15M → ~$1.17B/yr (2033–35)QGOV inference spend trajectoryMedium
Land-lease rate · firmed $/MWh · fit-out capexTBCIn negotiation with CleanCo / vendorsTo confirm
Dam thermal headroom · PFAS containmentTBCStudies scoped with CleanCo env teamTo confirm

Recommendation & investment decision Gateway Gate 3 · pending

The reference project is recommended for investment subject to the conditions precedent below. The decision does not open until they are green.

#Condition precedentStatus
1CleanCo land lease (99 ha) executedIn negotiation
2Behind-the-meter firming executedIn negotiation
3Dam access + PFAS containment scope signedIn progress
4Powerlink CAA executed (N-1)In negotiation
5GPU supply agreement with delivery teethRFQ
6QWork Tenancy 01 executed (firmed-MW block)In negotiation
7Funding committed — equity first close + vendor financeRound open
8Insurance program boundPending
9DBC signed off — model audit + independent engineerIn progress

Independent assurance & full Gateway readiness: see the Assurance & readiness page.

GateGateway reviewWhat it testsProductStatus
0Strategic assessmentService need substantiatedSBCAddressed
1Preliminary evaluationOptions analysed; preferred option selectedPBCAddressed
2Business caseDetailed five-case evidenceDBCIn progress
3Contract award / investment decisionExecuted terms + tenancy; capital committedDBCPending — CPs open
4Readiness for servicePilot energised; switch cutoverWave 2Future
5Benefits realisationUtilisation proven; Customer #2; QGOV valueWave 3–4Future
Gates 2–3 — in progress. The DBC is published before the decision so investors and the buyer watch the conditions close rather than be told afterwards. Gates 4–5 follow at energisation and utilisation.